July 2010 Archives

How Money Restricts Life's Pleasures

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

 

It's a mystery why money doesn't make us happy, because it feels like it damn well should. With money we can buy whatever we want, go wherever we want, even be whoever we want. Surely that should make us happy?

And yet study after study shows that in affluent societies money might bring satisfaction, but it doesn't bring much happiness.

Perhaps, as people become really rich, they don't choose more enjoyable activities (i.e. they stay in the office working)? Perhaps material goods just can't make us happy? Or perhaps there is always someone richer, spoiling the party with their more impressive wealth?

The New Science of Morality

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Scientists engaged in the scientific study of human nature are gaining sway over the scientists and others in disciplines that rely on studying social actions and human cultures independent from their biological foundation. 

 No where is this more apparent than in the field of moral psychology. Using babies, psychopaths, chimpanzees, fMRI scanners, web surveys, agent-based modeling, and ultimatum games, moral psychology has become a major convergence zone for research in the behavioral sciences. 

So what do we have to say? Are we moving toward consensus on some points? What are the most pressing questions for the next five years? And what do we have to offer a world in which so many global and national crises are caused or exacerbated by moral failures and moral conflicts? It seems like everyone is studying morality these days, reaching findings that complement each other more often than they clash.

The Busy vs. Lazy Paradox

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Forced to wait for fifteen minutes at the airport luggage carousel leaves many of us miserable and irritated. Yet if we'd spent the same waiting time walking to the carousel we'd be far happier. That's according to Christopher Hsee and colleagues, who say we're happier when busy but that unfortunately our instinct is for idleness. Unless we have a reason for being active we choose to do nothing - an evolutionary vestige that ensures we conserve energy.

The World's Happiest Countries

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

uantifying happiness isn't an easy task. Researchers at the Gallup World Poll went about it by surveying thousands of respondents in 155 countries, between 2005 and 2009, in order to measure two types of well-being. 

First they asked subjects to reflect on their overall satisfaction with their lives, and ranked their answers using a "life evaluation" score between 1 and 10. Then they asked questions about how each subject had felt the previous day. Those answers allowed researchers to score their "daily experiences"--things like whether they felt well-rested, respected, free of pain and intellectually engaged. 

 Subjects that reported high scores were considered "thriving." The percentage of thriving individuals in each country determined our rankings

Why Money Makes You Unhappy

| No Comments | No TrackBacks
Why Money Makes You Unhappy | Wired Science | Wired.com

Money is surprisingly bad at making us happy. Once we escape the trap of poverty, levels of wealth have an extremely modest impact on levels of happiness, especially in developed countries. 

Even worse, it appears that the richest nation in history - 21st century America - is slowly getting less pleased with life... Needless to say, this data contradicts one of the central assumptions of modern society, which is that more money equals more pleasure....

But the statistical disconnect between money and happiness raises a fascinating question: Why doesn't money make us happy? One intriguing answer comes from a new study by psychologists at the University of Liege, published in Psychological Science. The scientists explore the "experience-stretching hypothesis," an idea first proposed by Daniel Gilbert.

The Narcissist

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

There used to be theories that deep down narcissists feel unworthy, but recent research doesn't support this. Instead, it seems, the narcissist's self-directed passion is deep and sincere. 

His self-love is his most precious possession. It is the holy center of all that is sacred and right. He is hypersensitive about anybody who might splatter or disregard his greatness. If someone treats him slightingly, he perceives that as a deliberate and heinous attack. If someone threatens his reputation, he regards this as an act of blasphemy. He feels justified in punishing the attacker for this moral outrage.

How Facts Backfire

| No Comments | No TrackBacks
How facts backfire - The Boston Globe


In the end, truth will out. Won't it? Maybe not. Recently, a few political scientists have begun to discover a human tendency deeply discouraging to anyone with faith in the power of information. It's this: Facts don't necessarily have the power to change our minds. In fact, quite the opposite. In a series of studies in 2005 and 2006, researchers at the University of Michigan found that when misinformed people, particularly political partisans, were exposed to corrected facts in news stories, they rarely changed their minds. In fact, they often became even more strongly set in their beliefs. Facts, they found, were not curing misinformation. Like an underpowered antibiotic, facts could actually make misinformation even stronger.

Good News for Books

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

The Medium Is the Medium ~ David Brooks - The New York Times - July 2010

In this op-ed article, famous writer and columnist, David Brooks, provides new arguments for why the act of reading books is superior to internet reading.  He refers to a philanthropist who puts it like this, '"It's not the physical presence of the books that produces the biggest impact," she suggested. "It's the change in the way the students see themselves as they build a home library. They see themselves as readers, as members of a different group."'

Is Organic Really Better?

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Attention Whole Foods Shoppers ~ Robert Paarlberg - Foreign Policy

In this article, published in June 2010, Robert Paarlberg, Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College, argues against the assumption that organic foods are better for the planet and for the world's population. He writes, "In Europe and the United States, a new line of thinking has emerged in elite circles that opposes bringing improved seeds and fertilizers to traditional farmers and opposes linking those farmers more closely to international markets. Influential food writers, advocates, and celebrity restaurant owners are repeating the mantra that "sustainable food" in the future must be organic, local, and slow. But guess what: Rural Africa already has such a system, and it doesn't work." Does Paalberg raise some good points? How convincing is Paalberg's argument, in your opinion?  

  

Who's to Blame for Gulf Spill

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

This Time Is Different ~ Thomas Friedman - The New York Times

Who is really to blame for the largest oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico?  Columnist and well known author, Thomas Friedman, turns to his friend, Mark Mykleby, for the answer. Mykleby writes, "This isn't BP's or Transocean's fault. It's not the government's fault. It's my fault. I'm the one to blame and I'm sorry. It's my fault because I haven't digested the world's in-your-face hints that maybe I ought to think about the future and change the unsustainable way I live my life." Does Mykleby make a good point, in your opinion? Read more in Friedman's June 11th, 2010 op-  ed piece.  

Why Parents Hate Parenting

| No Comments | No TrackBacks
Why Parents Hate Parenting -- New York Magazine

From the perspective of the species, it's perfectly unmysterious why people have children. From the perspective of the individual, however, it's more of a mystery than one might think. Most people assume that having children will make them happier. Yet a wide variety of academic research shows that parents are not happier than their childless peers, and in many cases are less so. This finding is surprisingly consistent, showing up across a range of disciplines

Rogerian Argument

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Communication: Its Blocking and Facilitation~ Carl Rogers - 1951 

(After clicking on this link, scroll past the newsletter to read Roger's article)

Carol Rogers was a well known psycholgist who greatly influenced modern thinking about effective communication and argumentation. In his 1951 essay titled, "Communication: Its Blocking and Facilitation," he argues that the best approach to problem solving and disagreement is listening empathetically and disabling defensiveness.  He writes," Breakdowns in communication, and the evaluative tendency which is the major barrier to communication, can be avoided. The solution is provided by creating a situation in which each of the different parties come to understand the other from the other's point of view."

After reading this essay, ask yourself this: How might you summarize Roger's argument? How might his essay influence the way you think about arguments?

Why Can't We Get Along?

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Can We Talk ~ A condensed excerpt from Deborah Tannen's book, You Just Don't Understand - Women and Men in Conversation

In this excerpt, Tannen taps into the source of communication problems between men and women. She writes, "As a specialist in linguistics, I have studied how the conversational styles of men and women differ. We cannot lump all men or all women into fixed categories. But the seemingly senseless misunderstandings that haunt our relationships can in part be explained by the different conversational rules by which men and women play."

Handguns Make Campuses Safer

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Why Our Campuses are NOT safer without Concealed Handguns

According to their website, "Students for Concealed Carry on Campus [SCCC] is a national, non-partisan, grassroots organization composed of more than 43,000 college students, professors, college employees, parents of college students, and concerned citizens who believe that holders of state-issued concealed handgun licenses should be allowed the same measure of personal protection on college campuses that current laws afford them virtually everywhere else." In this article, the SCCC provides a point by point refutation to the arguments put forth by an anti-gun rights student organization called Students for Gun Free Schools (SGFS).

Why We Must Ration Health Care

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Why We Must Ration Health Care  ~ Peter Singer - The New York Times Magazine

Famous ethicist, Peter Singer, begins his argument on rationing health care like this, "You have advanced kidney cancer. It will kill you, probably in the next year or two. A drug called Sutent slows the spread of the cancer and may give you an extra six months, but at a cost of $54,000. Is a few more months worth that much?"

Singer continues, "If you can afford it, you probably would pay that much, or more, to live longer, even if your quality of life wasn't going to be good. But suppose it's not you with the cancer but a stranger covered by your health-insurance fund. If the insurer provides this man -- and everyone else like him -- with Sutent, your premiums will increase. Do you still think the drug is a good value? Suppose the treatment cost a million dollars. Would it be worth it then? Ten million? Is there any limit to how much you would want your insurer to pay for a drug that adds six months to someone's life? If there is any point at which you say, 'No, an extra six months isn't worth that much,' then you think that health care should be rationed."

The Dumbest Generation

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

'The Dumbest Generation' by Mark Bauerlein - Los Angeles Times

Bauerlin writes, "In the four minutes it probably takes to read this review, you will have logged exactly half the time the average 15- to 24-year-old now spends reading each day. That is, if you even bother to finish. If you are perusing this on the Internet, the big block of text below probably seems daunting, maybe even boring. Who has the time? Besides, one of your Facebook friends might have just posted a status update!"

The Ethics of Belief

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

The Ethics of Belief

We often hear the proposition that everyone is entitled to his or her own beliefs, whatever they are. In his famous essay, the philosopher William Clifford argued against the notion. Instead, Clifford proposes that it is always wrong to believe anything on insufficient evidence. Is Clifford right? Are we entitled to our beliefs? Or, do we have a moral duty to earn our beliefs through patient and honest investigation?

Don't Wait for Mr. Perfect

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Marry Him! The Case for Settling for Mr. Good Enough ~Lori Gottlieb - The Atlantic

In this extremely controversial article, Lori Gottlieb writes, "My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling "Bravo!" in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)"

Guys...When Will They Grow Up?

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

Child Man in the Promised Land ~Kay Hymowitz - City Journal 

In this humorous, yet critical commentary on the lifestyle choices of today's young males, Hymowitz argues that men in their 20's and 30's drift within a state of eternal boyhood. While our popular culture has embraced and promoted this lifestyle, Hymowitz suggests that it is ultimately an unsatisfying way of life. She writes, "Not so long ago, the average mid-twentysomething had achieved most of adulthood's milestones--high school degree, financial independence, marriage, and children. These days, he lingers--happily--in a new hybrid state of semi-hormonal adolescence and responsible self-reliance. Decades in unfolding, this limbo may not seem like news to many, but in fact it is to the early twenty-first century what adolescence was to the early twentieth: a momentous sociological development of profound economic and cultural import. Some call this new period "emerging adulthood," others "extended adolescence"; David Brooks recently took a stab with the "Odyssey Years," a "decade of wandering."

"But while we grapple with the name, it's time to state what is now obvious to legions of frustrated young women: the limbo doesn't bring out the best in young men."

Shopping Styles of Men and Women All Down to Evolution, Claim Scientists - Telegraph

The two approaches to how we used to obtain food mirrors how we shop in modern times, the study believes. He said women would spend hours trying to find the right outfit, present or object, because they had in the past spent ages trying to find the best quality and health giving foods. Men on the other hand, decided in advance what animal they wanted to kill and then went looking for it. Once it was found - and killed - they returned home.

Gender Gaps Widen

| No Comments | No TrackBacks
As External Barriers Disappear, Internal Gender Gaps Widen - NYTimes.com

When men and women take personality tests, some of the old Mars -Venus stereotypes keep reappearing. On average, women are more cooperative, nurturing, cautious and emotionally responsive. Men tend to be more competitive, assertive, reckless and emotionally flat. Clear differences appear in early childhood and never disappear.

Progress and Unhappiness

| No Comments | No TrackBacks
What Women Want Now -- TIME

Among the most confounding changes of all is the evidence, tracked by numerous surveys, that as women have gained more freedom, more education and more economic power, they have become less happy. No tidy theory explains the trend, notes University of Pennsylvania economist Justin Wolfers, a co-author of The Paradox of Declining Female Happiness. "We looked across all sectors -- young vs. old, kids or no kids, married or not married, education, no education, working or not working -- and it stayed the same,"

Link here for a 1972 cover story in Time on Women: Where She is and Where She's Going

Ignore it, Intimidate it, or Reason it Away

| No Comments | No TrackBacks

What do people do when confronted with scientific evidence that challenges their pre-existing view? Often they will try to ignore it, intimidate it, buy it off, sue it for libel, or reason it away. 

The classic paper on the last of those strategies is from Lord in 1979: they took two groups of people, one in favour of the death penalty, the other against it, and then presented each with a piece of scientific evidence that supported their pre-existing view, and a piece that challenged it. Murder rates went up, or down, for example, after the abolition of capital punishment in a state, or comparing neighbouring states, and the results were as you might imagine. Each group found extensive methodological holes in the evidence they disagreed with, but ignored the very same holes in the evidence that reinforced their views.

Pages

Powered by Movable Type 5.11

About this Archive

This page is an archive of entries from July 2010 listed from newest to oldest.

June 2010 is the previous archive.

August 2010 is the next archive.

Find recent content on the main index or look in the archives to find all content.